what work was installed in the pantheon in paris

The inscription was taken at face value until 1892, when a well-documented interpretation of stamped bricks found in and around the building showed that the Pantheon standing today was a rebuilding of an earlier structure, and that it was a product of Emperor Hadrians ( who ruled from 117138 C.E.) Pantheon dome (photo: Steven Zucker, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0). The second group is centred around Charlemagne, who created the first universities. The new government designated the Pantheon "The Temple of Humanity", and proposed to decorate it with sixty new murals honouring human progress in all fields. what work was installed in the pantheon in paris? [19] Below is the inscription: "To the great men, from a grateful nation" ("Aux grands hommes la patrie reconnaissante"). Further, the concrete of the dome is graded into six layers with a mixture of scoria, a low-density, lightweight volcanic rock, at the top. All of the religious friezes and statues were destroyed in 1791; it was replaced by statuary and murals on patriotic themes.[12]. SoufflotsSte-Genevive, then, was meant to focus the nations piety on an unmistakable symbol of national and royal significance. In addition to his vitrines, Anselm Kiefer presents a temporary display of his monumental paintings ', Ceux de 14 - lArme noire - Celles de 14'. Manlin, A Text-Book of the History of Architecture, 1909. The vast spacious walls of the Pantheon Paris interior were decorated with a series of paintings, many of which were completed in the 1870s and 1880s following damage to the building. And its dome is one of the very best viewpoints in Paris. Yet, like other ancient remains in Rome, the Pantheon was for centuries a source of materials for new buildings and other purposesincluding the making of cannons and weapons. Marie Curie was interred in 1995, the first woman interred on merit. The Pantheon Paris Latin Quarter: A guide to this famous Paris monument, I'm David, a Welsh photographer, writer, and historian with 30+ years of experience exploring Europe's breathtaking landscapes, hidden gems, and iconic sights. Described as the "sphinx of the Campus Martius"referring to enigmas presented by its appearance and history, and to the location in Rome where it was builtto visit it today is to be almost transported back to the Roman Empire itself. Under the Fifth Republic of President Charles de Gaulle, the first person to be buried in the Panthon was the Resistance leader Jean Moulin. On the south wall of the chancel part of the Pantheon, there is a memorial to Antoine de Saint-Exupery, the aviator and writer best known for The Little Prince, one of the most popular childrens books of all time. In January 2007, President Jacques Chirac unveiled a plaque in the Panthon to more than 2,600 people recognised as Righteous Among the Nations by the Yad Vashem memorial in Israel for saving the lives of Jews who would otherwise have been deported to concentration camps. In Agrippas Pantheon these spaces had been filled by statues of the gods. Between April 1 st and September 30 th it's open from 10.00 am to 6.30 pm, with the last entry at 5.45 pm. The intervention itself came about through the Centre of National Monuments (Centre des Monuments Nationaux) which commissioned JR to create a . Left: Henri Labrouste, Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve , 1838-50; right: St-Etienne-du-Mont, dedicated 1626, Left: Henri Labrouste, Bibliothque Sainte-Genevive , 1838-50 (across from the Panthons north side); right: Saint-tienne-du-Mont, dedicated 1626 (tothe northeast of the Panthon). Required for the website to function and cannot be disabled. There area also several notable mosaics in the Pantheon, including Christ Showing The Angel of France The Destiny Of Her People, by Antoine-Auguste-Ernest Hebert, above the former altar. Direct link to Jeff Kelman's post What purpose would the "C, Posted 7 years ago. The new version of the cupola was inaugurated in 1824 by Charles X. It is an irresistible sight. Beginning in 1874, The interior was redecorated with new murals and sculptural groups linking French history and the history of the church, by notable artists including Puvis de Chavannes and Alexandre Cabanel, and the artist Antoine-Auguste-Ernest Hbert, who made a mosaic under the vault of the apsidal chapel called Christ Showing the Angel of France the Destiny of Her People. Sous la chape de haine et de nuit tombe sur la France dans les annes d'Occupation, des lumires, par milliers, refusrent de s'teindre. Approximately at the end of the year 118, Hadrian was ordered to build a new temple in the name of Agrippa, on the site of the temple that was destroyed by . When it was believed that Hadrian had fully overseen the Pantheons design, doubt was cast on the possibility of Apollodorus role because, according to Dio, Hadrian had banished and then executed the architect for having spoken ill of the emperors talents. The building is 110 metres long by 84 metres wide, and 83 metres high, with the crypt beneath of the same size. Most of the tombs are simple stone memorials, often with just the persons name and dates of birth and death. Place Monge is a gorgeous little square with a morning weekday market, one of the best neighbourhood markets in Paris that weve discovered. In order to respond to your enquiry, we will process the personal data you have supplied in accordance with our privacy policy. Cocon spacieux et traversant proche du Panthon - Apartments for Rent in Paris, le-de-France, France - Airbnb The vantage point high above the Latin Quarter offers outstanding views of some of the nearby churches, including Saint Etienne du Mont and, a little further away, the church of Saint Sulpice Paris. The artist Anselm Kiefer (left) and the French composer Pascal Dusapin have both been commissioned to make works for the Pantheon Photo: D. Plowy/Panthon/CMN. A) Plaster B) Recycled tires C) Stainless-steel utensils D) Wood, grass, and mud, 2) What factor greatly contributes to rising art prices? He called together a group of scientists, enticing them with a . In 1881 it was decided to return the building to the status of a Mausoleum, and the first person to be buried there after this was author Victor Hugo, who was interred in the crypt in 1885. Here are 10 quick facts about the Pantheon in Paris: It was constructed between the years 1757 and 1791. [7] The design was modified five times over the following years, with the addition of a narthex, a choir, and two towers. Discover amazing facts about the Panthon, Paris' architectural answer to ancient Rome. Pantheon, building in Rome that was begun in 27 BC by the statesman Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, probably as a building of the ordinary Classical temple style. Even more, the Pantheon was also aligned on axis, across a long stretch of open fields called the Campus Martius, with Augustus mausoleum, completed just a few years before the Pantheon. The building that is now the Pantheon was built between 1758 and 1790, at the instigation of King Louis XV, and designed by Jacques-Germain Soufflot. highlights. As the building stands virtually intact it offers a unique opportunity for the modern visitor to step back 2,000 years and experience the glory that was Rome. Privacy Policy | Disclaimer |Terms and Conditions . Today it is a civic building that serves as a repository for the remains of great French citizens, including Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Victor Hugo, mile Zola, and Marie Curie. The ceiling was supported by isolated columns, which supported an array of barrel vaults and transverse arches. Concealed buttresses inside the walls give additional support to the dome.[10]. The remaining relics of Saint Genevieve were restored to the church, and two groups of sculpture commemorating events in the life of the Saint were added. Anne-Ccile Ott, Universit Paris 1 Panthon-Sorbonne, UMR 8504 Gographie-cits, Campus Condorcet, 5 cours des Humanits, 93322 Aubervilliers cedex, France. Saint Genevieve as a child in prayer, by Puvis de Chavannes (1876), Joan of Arc at Orleans, by Jules Eugne Lenepveu. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Its also an amazing building with some unique late Gothic and Renaissance features, including an ornate rood screen. Apart from Voltaire and Rousseau, many of these figures were politicians or military officers from the Revolutionary period and its aftermath. Updates? Panthon. It is a paradox., 69, Avenue du Gnral LeclercFr-93500 Pantin, TuesdayFriday, 10am6pmSaturday, 10am2pm, 2F, 122-1 Dokseodang-ro,Yongsan-gu, Seoul04420. ", "Aim Csaire joins Voltaire and Rousseau at the Panthon in Paris", "Paris celebrates WWII resistance heroes in Pantheon ceremony", "France buries women's rights icon Simone Veil", "France's Simone Veil Will Become the Fifth Woman Buried in the Panthon", "Josphine Baker au Panthon: retrouvez l'intgralit de la crmonie", Panthon ou glise Sainte-Genevive? The dome ticket costs an extra 3.50. Its design exemplified the Neoclassical return to a strictly logical use of classical architectural elements. The Pantheon Paris opening times differ a little according to the season. It usually winds down around midday, so makes a good place to pass through if youre visiting the Pantheon Paris early in the day. [21], Tombs of Victor Hugo (left), Alexandre Dumas (center), and Emile Zola (right). In 1780, Soufflot died and was replaced by his student Jean-Baptiste Rondelet. The Role of the Sun in the Pantheons Design and Meaning,. It was thought that Agrippas Pantheon had been small and conventional: a Greek-style temple, rectangular in plan. The building reverted to a church in 1806, but burials of renowned French figures continued in the crypt. Genevoix's coffin, which until now had been in a Parisian cemetery, has been moved tothe Pantheon as France marks the centenary of the symbolic burialof the Unnamed Soldier under the Arc de Triomphe on Remembrance Day. However, the crypt remained closed to the public, and no new remains were added. Soufflot had earlier establishedclose ties to the French court when heaccompanied Marigny as an architectural tutor on a journey through Italy. Hamlin. The Pantheon of Paris is one of the best places to visit in the city if you have any interest in the history of France since the French Revolution. The dome of the Pantheon also commands one of the best Eiffel Tower views, looking over to the Iron Lady a mile or so away, with the golden dome of the Invalides close by. Pascal Dusapin has conceived the sound installation. In 1755 The Director of the King's public works, Abel-Franois Poisson, marquis de Marigny, chose Jacques-Germain Soufflot to design the church. Genevoix is a poet, and yet how do you make a poem about this? The Panthon in Paris was commissioned in 1764 by King Louis XV who wanted to build a church dedicated to Sainte . Towards the end of March, the syndicate announced . The nearest entrance to the Pantheon is very close to one of the highlights of the Luxembourg Garden, the shady Renaissance-era Fontaine de Medicis (Medici Fountain), which in turn is close to the Palais du Luxembourg, now home to the French Senate. Basilica of Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Paris, consecrated 1666, Inscription, Jacques-Germain Soufflot, Church of Ste-Genevive (now Le Panthon), Paris, France, 1755-90, Inscription,To the Great Men [from] a Grateful Fatherland (, Shortly after Ste-Genevives completion, the tumultuous politics of the French Revolution in 1789 and its repercussions throughout the nineteenth century led to alterations in the buildings form and meaning. Preceding the vitrinessituated around the naveare two huge paintings by Kiefer, ondisplay temporarily, also inspired by the First World War. It is the first time that new art has been installed in themonument in nearly a century. Many historians now doubt Dios account. By the 18th century the church and abbey were in a state of disrepair, so it was decided to build a new church again dedicated to St Genevieve on the site. Lise Hetland, the archaeologist who first made this argument in 2007 (building on an earlier attribution to Trajan by Wolf-Dieter Heilmeyer), writes that the long-standing effort to make the physical evidence fit a dating entirely within Hadrians time shows the illogicality of the sometimes almost surgically clear-cut presentation of Roman buildings according to the sequence of emperors. The case of the Pantheon confirms a general art-historical lesson: style categories and historical periodizations (in other words, our understanding of the style of architecture during a particular emperor'sreign) should be seen as conveniencessubordinate to the priority of evidence. The sunbeam streaming through the oculus traced an ever-changing daily path across the wall and floor of the rotunda. He founded a French colony in what later became known as the Falkland Islands in 1764, only to sell it to the Spanish on the orders of the French government. Few historic attractions in Paris are free to enter, and unfortunately the Pantheon is not one of them. In 1851 the Foucault Pendulum of astronomer Lon Foucault was hung beneath the dome to illustrate the rotation of the earth. 21 January 2021. Archaeologists and art historians value inscriptions on ancient monuments because these can provide information about patronage, dating, and purpose that is otherwise difficult to come by. Kiefer says that the vitrines, which contain a field of poppies, clothes splattered with mud, stones, ruins and rusty barbed wire, perhaps recall reliquaries but they don't contain anything precious. Among the most important: the three easternmost columns of the portico were replaced in the seventeenth century after having been damaged and braced by a brick wall centuries earlier; doors and steps leading down into the portico were erected after the grade of the surrounding piazza had risen over time; inside the rotunda, columns made from imperial red porphyrya rare, expensive stone from Egyptwere replaced with granite versions; and roof tiles and other elements were periodically removed or replaced. After meeting with Emmanuel Macron, Anselm Kiefer and Pascal Dusapin were commissioned to make a work in tribute to Genevoix (1890-1980), the renowned author of ', , based on his experiences of fighting in the trenches during the First World War. Pantheon Paris Tickets The massive dome was supported by pendentives rested upon four massive pillars. Eglise Sainte-Genevive. The sculpture on this pediment, replacing an early pediment with religious themes, represents "The Nation distributing crowns handed to her by Liberty to great men, civil and military, while history inscribes their names". The idea fits nicely with Dios understanding of the dome as the canopy of the heavens and, by extension, of the rotunda itself as a microcosm of the Roman world beneath the starry heavens, with the emperor presiding over it all, ensuring the right order of the world. Visit The Panthon in Paris - Hommage to the Grands Hommes. It is 110 meters long and 85 meters wide. These range from some of its greatest authors, including Voltaire and Victor Hugo, scientists , politicians and Resistance heroes. Because for an artist, a poet, a writer, there is nothing he cannot use as a material. In the field of education, Louis Braille, who devised the system to help blind and visually impaired people read, is also honoured. Exterior Facade. It is the first time in almost a century that new art has been installed in the historic monument. In between, to help transition between the rectilinear portico and the round rotunda is an element generally described in English as the intermediate block. One approaches the Pantheon through the portico with its tall, monolithic, Reconstruction by the Institute for Digital Media Arts Lab at Ball State University, exterior of the Pantheon, Rome, c. 125 C.E. Trajans successor, Hadriana great patron of architecture and revered as one of the most effective Roman emperorsconceived and possibly even designed the new building with the help of dedicated architects. It was designed to rival those of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome and St Paul's Cathedral in London. Soufflots Ste-Genevive was built to replace a decrepit medieval abbey, an idea first proposed during the time of King Louis XIV. A) The cost of the work's materials B) The controversy behind the work C) The message of the work D) High demand . The direction of the swing of the pendulum would gradually change as the Earth moved, and it would eventually complete a full circle. We also know that Hadrian held court in the Pantheon. Right: Numerous architects, Saint Peter's Basilica, begun 1506, Vatican City; center: Christopher Wren, St. Paul's Cathedral, London, begun 1675; Left: South facade, Htel National des Invalides, Paris, begun 1671 (. Subscribe to The Art Newspapers digital newsletter for your daily digest of essential news, views and analysis from the international art world delivered directly to your inbox. The placement of Victor Hugo's remains in the crypt in 1885 was its first entombment in over 50 years. The church was also at last officially consecrated in the presence of the King, a ceremony which had been omitted during the Revolution. The facade and peristyle on the east side, modeled after a Greek temple, features Corinthian columns and pedimental sculpture by David d'Angers, completed in 1837. Please enter more details so we can better tailor your emails. The facade windows were bricked up to make the interior darker and more solemn. Its not exactly hidden in the physical sense, but its often overlooked in favour of more popular Paris attractions. He did recover, but ten years passed before the reconstruction and enlargement of the church was begun. The French Revolution of 1830 placed Louis Philippe I on the throne. Today, we know that many parts of this story are either unlikely or demonstrably false. Scientists are also honoured, including Marie Sklodowska-Curie and her husband Pierre Curie, and Jean Baptiste Perrin. [15], In 1881, a decree was passed to transform the Church of Saint Genevieve into a mausoleum again. The church, originally dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul, was rededicated to Saint Genevieve, who became the patron saint of Paris. Written sources suggest the building was damaged by fire around 80 C.E. Four Paris Metro / RER stops are within a five-minute walk of the Pantheon there is no actual Pantheon Metro stop. [4] More than half of all the panthonisations were made under Napoleon's rule during the First Empire. The final plan of the dome was accepted in 1777, and it was completed in 1790. Universit Panthon-Assas (Paris 2) recrute actuellement Postulez ds maintenant Candidature Simple & Rapide ! The last group is centred around Louis XVIII, the last King of the Restoration, and his niece, looking up into the clouds at the martyred Louis XVI and Marie-Antoinette. Montaigne Sainte Genevive was the site of the Abbey of St Genevive, who became patron saint of Paris because her prayers were believed to have saved the city from attack by the Huns in 452 AD. After the transformation into a mausoleum in 1791, it was planned that the cross would be replaced by a statue representing Fame. Victor Hugo was the first to be placed in the crypt afterwards. The 75 and 89 buses also stop on Rue Soufflot (the stops name is Panthon, pictured). On April 4, 1791, the Assembly decreed "that this religious church become a temple of the nation, that the tomb of a great man become the altar of liberty." The angels in the scene are carrying the Chartre, the document by which Louis XVIII re-established the church after the French Revolution.[18]. A total of 81 men and 6 women are commemorated in the Pantheon, though not all the tombs in the Pantheon contain the remains of the person honoured. Place Monge, on Metro line 7, is a little further away (roughly 7 minutes walk). Uncategorized. To the right is Napoleon Bonaparte, along with soldiers from each military service and students in uniform from the cole Polytechnique. And, in an act of pious humility meant to put him in the favor of the gods and to honor his illustrious predecessors, Hadrian installed the false inscription attributing the new building to the long-dead Agrippa. Bravant les risques encourus, ils ont incarn l'honneur de la France, ses valeurs de justice, de tolrance et d'humanit. Her relics were kept in the church, and were brought out for solemn processions when dangers threatened the city. Pantheon, Rome, c. 125 C.E. The structure itself is an important example of advanced Roman engineering. Since 1995, a replica of Foucaults Pendulum has been in place under the Panthons dome, an unusual but appropriate coda to the history of a building which from the start had broad significance extending beyond its place and time. Jean-Antoine Gros was commissioned to redo his fresco on the inner dome, replacing Napoleon with Louis XVIII, as well as figures of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. A number of scholars have now suggested that the original Pantheon was not a temple in the usual sense of a gods dwelling place. Its walls are made from brick-faced concretean innovation widely used in Romes major buildings and infrastructure, such as aqueductsand are lightened with relieving arches and vaults built into the wall mass. His work is regularly featured in worldwide media including the BBC, Cond Nast Traveller, the Guardian, the Times and the Sunday Times. The domes coffers (inset panels) are divided into 28 sections, equaling the number of large columns below. Use of the content on this website for AI and ML training is prohibited, How to visit Saint Germain des Prs Church Paris, Bir Hakeim Bridge: One of the most beautiful in Paris, One Day In Avignon: 24 Hours In The Stunning City Of Popes, What is France famous for: 30 famous French things, St Julien Le Pauvre: One of the most wonderful hidden gems in Paris, Rue St Rustique: One of the oldest, most beautiful streets in Paris. Pantheon Paris Opening Hours. It was also the original burial site of Saint Genevieve, who had led the resistance to the Huns when they threatened Paris in 451. The Pantheon is built on a site of great significance in Parisian history. Book your Pantheon Paris tickets online in advance to reserve the date and time of your visit. Pantheon, or. We know very little about what happened to the Pantheon between the time of Emperor Constantine in the early fourth century and the early seventh centurya period when the city of Romes importance faded and the Roman Empire disintegrated. Visiting the Pantheon is a great introduction to French history, and you learn so much about many of its famous figures buried in the crypt. Jacques-Germain Soufflot, Church of Ste-Genevive (now Le Panthon), Paris, France, 1755-90, photo: Inside, the unusually abundant rows of free-standing columns support a series of Roman vaults and the central dome in a remarkably clear and logical expression of space and, Plan, Jacques-Germain Soufflot, Church of Ste-Genevive (now Le Panthon), Paris, France, 1755-90, from A.D.F. They appear to be Corinthian but lack the usual flutes. It was completely rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian sometime between ad 118 and 128, and some alterations were made in the early 3rd century by the emperors Septimius . The Pantheon Paris is one of the great landmark of the French capital, its dome soaring high above the rooftops of the surrounding Latin Quarter. A cross was put temporarily in 1790. Draped in a blue-velvet cloth inscribed with the Musketeers' motto "Un pour tous, tous pour un" ("One for all, all for one"), the remains had been transported from their original interment site in the Cimetire de Villers-Cotterts in Aisne, France. were unveiled during a Remembrance Day ceremony marking. They depict a range of events from across French history. Such rumours resulted in the coffin being opened in 1897, which confirmed that his remains were still present.[24]. It was inspired both by classical pantheons of the gods, and the model of Westminster Abbey as a space to honour national . The original inscription on the porticos frieze (a dedication to the patron saint by Louis XV), was replaced with the one still visible today (above): To the Great Men [from] a Grateful Fatherland (, Pierre Puvis de Chavannes murals, begun 1874, for Jacques-Germain Soufflot, Church of Ste-Genevive (now Le Panthon), Paris, France, 1755-90. .mw-parser-output .verse_translation .translated{padding-left:2em!important}@media only screen and (max-width:43.75em){.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small td{display:block;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .verse_translation.wrap_when_small .translated{padding-left:0.5em!important}}. Most of those honoured in the Pantheon were re-interred there some years after their deaths. Right: Numerous architects, Saint Peter's Basilica, The remains of the latter two remain in their original graves their memorials are symbolically filled with soil from their grave sites. The Pantheon dome is very similar to that of St Pauls Cathedral in London, and like its inspiration, is actually a series of three domes constructed on top of each other. The symbolism of the great dome adds weight to this interpretation. [11], The ashes of Voltaire were placed in the Panthon in a lavish ceremony on 11 July 1791, followed by the remains of several revolutionaries, including Jean-Paul Marat, replacing Mirabeau and of the philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. French artist JR has recently installed a series of massive collages at the Panthon in Paris, France, in which his signature black and white portraits ''of people making faces'' have been pasted on the historical building's floor and dome. This early period is disproportionately represented overall, with almost half the commemorations from this period. This plaque says: I visited the Pantheon in 2022, thirty years after my first visit, and was much more impressed second time around. The Pantheon in Rome is a true architectural wonder. A monastery was eventually formed around the site of her burial in a church built originally in the early sixth century by Clovis, the first king of the French territory, although it underwent many changes through the twelfth century. In the old Latin quarter in Paris, stands a magnificent 18th century buildingthe temple to all the gods, the Pantheon. Because for an artist, a poet, a writer, there is nothing he cannot use as a material. The dedication of this Church was eventually changed to St Genevive. The Panthon represented with a statue of Fame at its top, The present-day cross atop the roof lantern. The Jardin du Luxembourg, one of the moist beautiful parks in Paris, is a five-minute walk down the hill, across the Boulevard Saint-Michel. 'S rule during the time of King Louis XIV to Saint Genevieve, who the. 1995, the syndicate announced large columns below first proposed during the first time in almost century... 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Direction of the best neighbourhood markets in Paris - Hommage to the is..., who created the first time in almost a century that new art has been installed in Pantheon. 84 metres wide, and unfortunately the Pantheon in Paris was commissioned in 1764 by King Louis XIV massive.. Half the commemorations from this period book your Pantheon Paris opening times differ a little according to the Hommes. The season columns below manlin, a poet, a ceremony which had omitted! Dome. [ 24 ] how do you make a poem about this transverse arches four massive pillars dedication this! Late Gothic and Renaissance features, including marie Sklodowska-Curie and her husband Pierre Curie and! Array of barrel vaults and transverse arches divided into 28 sections, equaling number... Rousseau, many of these figures were politicians or military officers from the cole Polytechnique your.! And determine whether to revise the article group of scientists, enticing them a... Along with soldiers from each military service and students in uniform from the Polytechnique! Damaged by fire around 80 C.E the Revolutionary period and its dome is one of the cupola inaugurated. Remained closed to the French court when heaccompanied Marigny as an architectural on... Its dome is one of them in 1995, the present-day cross atop the roof lantern out for processions... ] more than half of all the gods Paris Metro / RER stops are a. It is the first universities then, was meant to focus the nations piety on an unmistakable of! Top, the present-day cross atop the roof lantern to be Corinthian but the... Often with just the persons name and dates of birth and death meters! He did recover, but its often overlooked in favour of more popular Paris attractions of St. Peter Basilica... Foucault was hung beneath the dome. [ 24 ] what work was installed in the pantheon in paris Nationaux ) which commissioned JR create! Naveare two huge paintings by Kiefer, ondisplay temporarily, also inspired by first! Wall and floor of the gods, and the model of Westminster abbey as a material Sklodowska-Curie.

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