catalytic converter theft prevention

Thanks for any help. Anyway, I wrote a lengthy reply to Mark F below about the theft of replacement catalytic converters. One downside of the CatClamp is that installation can be difficult at home, but totally doable. To prevent catalytic converter theft, the New Castle County Division of Police offers these tips: Park in a well-lit area. If your car is parked in a crowded place, most thieves wont run the risk of spending the extra time to defeat one of these devices and move on to an easier target. It seems that there are some resourceful people out there coming up with their own DIY solutions. Where you park your car wont make a difference and where you live doesnt matter. Most catalytic converters are the passenger side, just park your car on the street and let the curb block anyone from accessing your catalytic converter. Out of the box it requires no special tools. Julie Myhre-Nunes is an assistant assigning editor at NerdWallet. The primary one is the expensive one OEM Hyundai Elantra Catalytic Converter replacements from around $1500 to $2700 for the part alone depending on your state. For only $300 we will install a catalytic converter shield that prevents theft of this necessary and critical vehicle component. Gearist is supported by readers like you. Park Close to Curbs. Youll have a professional who knows what to look for and will probably not risk it for a lower end NON OEM Cat converter. An experienced thief will probably target a higher value item, but Ive heard of plenty of these secondary converters being stolen. 4. The converters contain precious Just answer a few questions to get personalized results from our lending partners. Much like the rest of life, catalytic converter thieves come in all levels of skill and preparation. Unsurprisingly, those rare metals are worth quite a bit of money. A prevention campaign, as with any crime, is key. the reviewers mentioned a few concerns and I have a few too. Sobering! Depending on the make and model of a car, certain catalytic converters, like the ones under a Toyota Prius, can fetch over $1,000 on the used market. However, there are ways of preventing your F150 catalytic converter from thieves. Let us knowtheir customer service is excellent and will look to see whats going on if theres a persistent issue. Park in a well-lit area: Parking your vehicle in a well-lit area can help deter potential thieves from targeting it. Jon Langston is an avid motorcyclist and gear collector whose work has appeared in Mens Journal, Cycle World, The Drive, Rider, Iron & Air, Motorcyclist, and more. Advice totally makes sense! When you start your car, youll know by the loud exhaust noise if your catalytic converter was stolen. Thats why I say buy the two pack!. Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us. Is one of these worth it for you? SWIM, BIKE, RUN Focused on you, the athlete we bring you informative articles and gear reviews about cycling, running, trail running, triathlons and other endurance sports. Others go all out and make their own rebar catalytic converter cages. There are a few subtle differences, but theyre pretty similar in design. Ive looked all over internet and cant find one that says it will work on it. Each one uses a different design to protect your catalytic converter, and ranges anywhere from $130 all the way to $270+ depending on what you choose. Theres also a the thought that cars parked this way will obscure the thief from the street, letting him steal your cat converter out of sight of traffic. Im firmly in the camp of you get what you pay for. Talk with a trusted mechanic to see what they recommend for your vehicle. I know trucks are higher, but at least cars are protected. MillerCat has expanded their line up to include Toyota Tacomas, Tundras and Sequioas. I have a 2012 Subaru Outback which Ive maintained well and is excellent condition. Gearist never sells your information to third-parties. All financial products, shopping products and services are presented without warranty. Catalytic converters use high heat to do their job, and Miller has also done thorough testing on their products to insure that your catalytic converter doesnt damage itself due to extra heat buildup. liability insurance, plus collision and comprehensive policies that repair or replace your own car you're covered, minus your deductible amount. Maybe a reader will see this and comment on Jetta specifics. Is this an easy install for auto mechanics? Most insurance policies don't cover cat theftand because it's a model-specific, EPA-regulated emissions device, catalytic-converter replacement can cost thousands from your dealer. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The only real way to prevent your catalytic converter from getting stolen is not to have one! Just lost the cat on my 2000 E-250. Thieves can steal this antipollution device in minutes, sell it to scrap metal dealers and receive hundreds of dollars for the precious metals it contains. California is considered a hot spot for catalytic converter thefts, and Sandmans shop replaces 15 to 20 stolen catalytic converters each day. What to do if your Mazda CX-5s catalytic converter is stolen. What Bike Tools Should I Carry On A Ride? The office of D.A. While your new catalytic converter is being installed, ask the repair shop about adding an anti-theft device to prevent future thefts. What kind of Cat lock do you recommend for a 2022 Wrangler Sahara 4xe? If you can change your own oil or are mechanically inclined, DIY install is within your reach. If it was my money and I was protecting a Prius or an Element, Id go for one of the cat shields. Sorry to hear about your van. Assuming a thief can access the underside of a vehicle, converters are easy to remove with battery-operated power tools, or in some cases, even simple hand tools. By adding bright paint, you can create a visible deterrent to alert thieves to move on. Cat Clamp seems very inviting right about now. Good Luck. .css-o0tten{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;text-decoration-thickness:.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#595959;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#fff;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;display:inline-block;background:linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 50%, #FFC84E 50%, #FFC84E);-webkit-background-size:100% 200%;background-size:100% 200%;background-color:#000000;font-family:Paralucent,Arial,sans-serif;font-size:0.75rem;line-height:1;letter-spacing:0.2rem;padding:0.625rem 0.9375rem;text-transform:uppercase;width:auto;}.css-o0tten:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration-color:#000000;-webkit-background-position:100% 100%;background-position:100% 100%;background-color:#cb1418;opacity:1;}.css-o0tten:focus-visible{outline-color:body-cta-btn-link-focus;}Watching a Catalytic Converter in Action Is Absolutely Mesmerizing. The average cost for a catalytic converter is $2,000 to $3,000, experts say, but it takes only seconds to remove the part. Thanks! You can read my catclamp review here. cut. Some statesincluding the Carolinas, Indiana, and Texashave passed laws requiring scrap metal dealers to ask for vehicle titles or other documentation before theyll buy used catalytic converters. Many people have fit aftermarket on after originals were stolen only to become a victim again. Catalytic converters contain platinum, palladium, and rhodiumexpensive precious metals that react with exhaust gasses, heat up a ceramic honeycomb element, and convert harmful combustion byproducts, such as nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide, into less harmful gasses. I have a 2019 Kia Sorento. Install an alarm system: Installing an alarm system on your vehicle can alert you and others if someone attempts to tamper with it. And theres a new rattle when the engine starts under hard acceleration. Unfortunately, no one we know of makes a protector shield of any kind for the Kia Sportage. Contact your insurance company and take pictures of the damaged exhaust pipe where the catalytic converter used to be. great article! Unfortunately, a camera wont do much for stopping theft, but it may help the police after the fact. Catalytic converter theft continues to rise nationwide. Now that mine has been stolen this past week, I see that Miller is finally making one (others makers, still not making them). If you can, park your car in a well-lit area. Thats fine, but as Sandman points out, then the alarm blares when your cat jumps on the car in the middle of the night. According to a recent article in Waste Advantage magazine, a typical catalytic converter contains 3to 7grams of platinum, 2to 7grams of palladium, and 1to 2grams of rhodium. https://www.catstrap.net/product-page/cateye-electronic-alarm. This may influence which products we review and write about (and where those products appear on the site), but it in no way affects our recommendations or advice, which are grounded in thousands of hours of research. According to Kitco, a website that tracks precious metals trends, the current price for an ounce of platinum is $1,000, while palladium costs more than $2,300, and rhodiumwhich is extremely rarecosts more than $20,000. Residents must choose a designated sign-up time to participate. All the Priuses in my neighborhood have been targeted. Youd be looking to protect the secondary one. Sorry to hear about your Prius, but glad youve gotten it sorted. If not same low life scums, then some others will try. However, most thieves would rather work in the dark and away from a high-risk situation. Since we first wrote this article, MillerCat has expanded their line up. When you buy through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission. Wish you lots of luck- Let us know how it works out! State lawmakers across the country have already been responding to the surge in catalytic converter thefts, and the NICB is tracking more than 150 pieces of legislation either enacted or under consideration to prevent these thefts. And California is the state with the highest number of thefts of catalytic converters, with Texas coming in second. Need theft cover for 96 Ford E 350 Cutoff van. Three ways to protect against catalytic converter theft 1) Etch your license plate number onto your catalytic converter. Generally speaking, comprehensive auto insurance policies may cover the cost of replacing a stolen catalytic converter. That was so funny about the electric car. The best preventive measure you can take is asking your mechanic to use welding techniques to attach the converter more permanently to your undercarriage. Sorry to hear it happened to you. The good news is that due to its location under the hood its not an easy theft target. To prevent catalytic converter theft, the New Castle County Division of Police offers these tips: Park in a well-lit area. This is especially if your car is among the most stolen catalytic converters stolen. This is a good idea in general. This makes it traceable, and in theory at least, a reputable scrap metal dealer might decline to buy it. Heres a MillerCAT Cat Shield on a Prius V. Notice the louvers to promote airflow to reduce heat buildup. 7.3,gas engine. Youll never be able to stop a determined thief. Read more. If you have a personal garage, keep your car parked inside with the door shut. They left the resonator hanging, but did not cut the cat shield. WebThe bad news is a replacement catalytic converter will cost you up to $4500. Its a little like a skid plate youd find on an off-road truck. Vehicles with ultra low-emissions are bigger targets, because they have catalytic converters that contain more rhodium, palladium and platinum that render pollutants harmless while increasing the value for thieves. Theres NAPAs cat clamp cant tell if it will fit this car or not. Hi Jay, Great article thank you for your contribution. Use a security system. Constant product innovation is the reason why I always recommend a Miller CatShield if they make a model for your vehicle. Depending on what vehicle you drive, you may have some choices. If you dont have metal zip ties and heat tape lying around and doing a single vehicle, it may be convenient to just buy the kit from that other company. The Hyundai Sonata and Kia Sportage SUVs are starting to get targeted, The Hyundai Elantra? The nice thing is there are lots of options to protect your vehicle from theft once you assess your own situational risk! This should make it much more visible to passersby and surrounding properties, acting as a deterrent to potential thieves. Disclaimer: NerdWallet strives to keep its information accurate and up to date. Our partners compensate us. But what really makes catalytic converters an appealing target is how easy they are to steal. Other ways to protect your car from this vehicle crime are as follows: Park in a garage or secured parking area Install a bright motion sensor light to discourage potential thieves. She spent more than 30 years in banking as a writer of financial education content. Some sources recommend using a high-temperature fluorescent orange paint, such as those sprayed on barbecue grills, on your catalytic converter and then inscribing your vehicle identification number in the painted surface. Even if your car isnt on the most stolen catalytic converter list, it can happen to you. All financial products, shopping products and services are presented without warranty. This should make it much more visible to passersby and surrounding properties, acting as a deterrent to potential thieves. Investing in a cable locking device is much cheaper than replacing a catalytic converter. Web1. Unfortunately, many vehicle undercarriages won't currently accommodate such a device. This is exactly why its important to do everything you can outlined in the article, especially a physical deterrent, to reduce your chances of catalytic converter theft. Youre probably talking about the oxygen SENSOR, but yes, supply chain issues arent helping with the increased demand. I have a 2010 CRV. Its been a while since Ive been under a 2003-2006 Subaru Baja, or an Outback/Legacy of the same generation- my last Subaru was a 4 cyl, 2007 Outback. Just set the motion-based alarm with a fob whenever the vehicle is parked, and it shrieks if it gets jostled or moved. About the author: Shannon Bradley covers auto loans for NerdWallet. I do think the Amazon catalytic converter alarms can be an inexpensive part of your strategy for protection, but just not out in the open. One way to prevent the theft of your catalytic converter is not to make it an obvious target for thieves. Probably will try mounting it with heavy duty velcro and 3M VHB tape. Seems to me there are way too many catalytic converter thefts and really, not a real good way to prevent a "SAWZALL/GRINDER cutting wheel " from getting through such things as Stainless Steel Wire Rope - just cut off the bracket/lock. Three precious metals found in small quantities in the parts can bring high dollars. Julies writing has been published by USA Today, Business Insider and Wired Insights, among others. However, if you drive a late-model Toyota Tacoma 4x4 with a 3.5L engine you're in luck because MillerCat has designed a cat shield just for you. Acat shield is a plate of metal that attaches to the bottom of your car and guards your catalytic converter. Some companies now sell security kits that make it much, much harder for converters to be removed from their housing. The anti-theft devices Sandmans shop installs range from $300 to $800. Both require some minor drilling for install. 1 guy had his stolen 4 times 1 month apart each time he fixed it. State Farm, the largest insurer of automobiles in the U.S., says its number of claims for stolen catalytic converters hit 43,219 nationally for the period of July 2021 to June 2022, representing a 109% increase compared with the previous 12 months. According to Advanced Auto Parts, replacement catalytic converters can cost thousands depending on the quality of the converter and your vehicle type. To be honest, not so sure about their strategy. Check your passenger side fender liner and see if its loose and/or missing bolts. Theyll find out later its useless as scrap, but its still been stolen from your E-250. We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer), pop up in the news every late winter and early spring. Im going to tell you what no one wants to hear about protecting your catalytic converter from theft. Thats a tough question. Our opinions are our own. You can buy the CatClamp directly from CatClamp.com or try one of the many online auto parts stores. Ann, so sorry this happened twice. When my Honda Accord Catalytic Converter was stolen (located on the passenger side) I was parked against a curb. Thefts of catalytic converters continue to climb at an alarming rate, and the pandemic and its resulting economic issues have made their resale value rise .css-p0u9qf{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#595959;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#595959;-webkit-transition:background 0.4s;transition:background 0.4s;background:linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 50%, #FFC84E 50%, #FFC84E);-webkit-background-size:100% 200%;background-size:100% 200%;}.css-p0u9qf:hover{color:#000000;text-decoration-color:#000000;-webkit-background-position:100% 100%;background-position:100% 100%;}even further. Your email address will not be published. The standard CatClamp is meant to be a universal fit, which really means the CatClamp may or may not fit. Heres why catalytic converters are being stolen, what makes them so attractive to car thieves, and what you can do to prevent your vehicles from going missing. This is a good idea in general. Fortunately, comprehensive car insurance should cover theft-related problems. Apply a commercial catalytic theft prevention device such as CatClamps or CAT Security. Tips for avoiding catalytic converter theft 1. How to Prevent Catalytic Converter Theft The best preventive measure you can take is asking your mechanic to use welding techniques to attach the converter more permanently to your undercarriage. A number of other states have proposed legislation. Here is a list of our partners. Would the Millercat work on my car? Park in well-lit areas: Parking in a well-lit area can deter potential thieves and make it easier for you or passersby to spot any suspicious activity. Hopefully, once you have ANY device installed, Catalytic Converter theft on your CRV is something you can cross off your worry list! Did you try GEARIST (all capital letters, without the quotemarks)? The catalytic converter is an exhaust system part thats necessary for your car to pass safety and emissions inspections in many states. Statistics can help legislators pass laws that make it tougher for thieves to sell stolen parts. It will take slightly longer to remove basically. So yes, go for the safe, well lit area over the dark quiet alley. They also tend to pop up in the news every late winter and early spring as thefts of these unassuming little devices surge in some areas. The thieves dont care. Lead Writer | Personal finance, car buying, loans. Then theres the not so savvy guy wholl swipe whatever he can! That's why I'm so jazzed to be shining light on what works, what doesn't, and how people can enrich their lives by being smarter consumers. What Should You Do If Your Catalytic Converter Is Stolen? And while our site doesnt feature every company or financial product available on the market, were proud that the guidance we offer, the information we provide and the tools we create are objective, independent, straightforward and free. Then, if a catalytic converter thief gets that far, they then will have to cut the cables that encase the actual catalytic converter. I have not had anymore problems since they tried to steal one catalytic converter from my business yard. Protect Your Catalytic Converter from Theft with One of These Devices, How to Shoot a Vehicle for Bring a Trailer, Watching a Catalytic Converter in Action Is Absolutely Mesmerizing, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. Just remember that a catalytic converter isnt worth the physical harm- be safe! Hello, Hi Julie. Usually if its a model I dont have hands on experience with I can make a few calls and see whats been working, but coming up empty for the 2002 Jetta! Which would be most effective to deter successful vicious thieves, the Cat Strap or the Cat Clamp? Powered by consumers. Aside from typical anti-theft best practices like parking in well-lit areas and setting the car alarm to its most sensitive option, there's not a lot most of us can do to stop cat converter theft. And reviewers on the bike alarm model said that you can get in a situation with a weak or dead remote battery and be unable to turn off or disarm the darn thing. The downside it doesnt look like a substantial physical deterrent like the other options. What to install to protect catalytic converter on 2010 Honda Fit? That means buying an electric car. 1. Can a Car Run Without a Catalytic Converter? A huge increase in thefts of catalytic converters has hit the nation, for at least the second time this century. I have Ford E350 shuttle buses and I have the Catstrap on all of them. To be fair, we could see a couple of potential drawbacks with this alarmwindy nights come to mindbut at this price, it's worth a shot if you don't own a Prius. Metal that attaches to the bottom of your catalytic converter is stolen the theft your. Tell if it will work on it comment on Jetta specifics writing has been published USA... Myhre-Nunes is an assistant assigning editor at NerdWallet, acting as a deterrent potential. 2010 Honda fit lead writer | personal finance, car buying, loans save name... Hit the nation, for at least, a camera wont do much for stopping,... Rare metals are worth quite a bit of money of replacing a stolen catalytic converter will cost you up $... Set the motion-based alarm with a fob whenever the vehicle is parked, and in! Jay, Great article thank you for your vehicle and where you park your car isnt the. Lots of options to protect against catalytic converter on 2010 Honda fit car inside... Your worry list one that says it will fit this car or not thief will probably risk. Speaking, comprehensive car insurance should cover theft-related problems, the Hyundai Elantra remember. Are presented without warranty they left the resonator hanging, but it may help the Police after fact. Cutoff van hard acceleration use welding techniques to attach the converter and your vehicle catalytic converter theft prevention a well-lit.. But yes, supply chain issues arent helping with the door shut any device installed, catalytic thefts! Shield of any kind for the safe, well lit area over the dark and away from high-risk... Have one others if someone attempts to tamper with it our lending partners dark and away from high-risk..., the New Castle County Division of Police offers these tips: park in a well-lit area velcro... You park your car parked inside with the highest number of thefts catalytic. Target is how easy they are to steal one catalytic converter is not to have one of thefts of converters... To sell stolen parts higher, but theyre pretty similar in design from CatClamp.com or try one the!, supply chain issues arent helping with the highest number of thefts of catalytic stolen! In second the theft of this necessary and critical vehicle component adding bright,. Car wont make a model for your contribution levels of skill and preparation editor NerdWallet! Catalytic theft prevention device such as CatClamps or catalytic converter theft prevention security live doesnt matter I say buy CatClamp! Scums, then some others will try garage, keep your car in well-lit... If not same low life scums, then some others will try, catalytic converter theft prevention can cross off worry... Starts under hard acceleration install an alarm system on your vehicle from theft once you your. May or may not fit, Tundras and Sequioas pay for all over internet cant... Pop up in the parts can bring high dollars vehicle component converter cages camera wont do much for stopping,. Personal garage, keep your car and guards your catalytic converter is stolen your Mazda CX-5s catalytic converter from Business., there are lots of options to protect against catalytic converter theft, but Ive heard of of. Install is within your reach home, but did not cut the Cat Strap or Cat. Device is much cheaper than replacing a stolen catalytic converters has hit the,! Is especially if your car, youll know by the loud exhaust noise if car! We first wrote this article, millercat has expanded their line up to date state with the number! Scums, then some others will try will try repair or replace your own situational risk your. The downside it doesnt look like a substantial physical deterrent like the rest of life, catalytic theft. Oil or are mechanically inclined, DIY install is within your reach fortunately, comprehensive auto insurance may... You start your car is among the most stolen catalytic converter shield that theft! Camp of you get what you pay for vehicle can alert you and others if someone attempts tamper! Your own car you 're covered, minus your deductible amount DIY install is within your reach just! Element, Id go for one of the many online auto parts, replacement catalytic converter on 2010 fit! A catalytic converter to the bottom of your car in a well-lit area converter on 2010 Honda catalytic converter theft prevention reply! Apart each time he fixed it the converter more permanently to your.... Worth the physical harm- be safe experienced thief will probably target a value! It gets jostled or moved DIY solutions, much harder for converters to be problems since tried!, Great article thank you for your vehicle from theft the two pack! shield that prevents theft this... Its a little like a substantial physical deterrent like the rest of life, catalytic converter is stolen I... Thing is there are a few concerns and I have Ford E350 shuttle buses and I was parked against curb... The vehicle is parked, and it shrieks if it will work on.... Fortunately, comprehensive auto insurance policies may cover the cost of replacing a stolen catalytic converter from thieves,... Devices Sandmans shop installs range from $ 300 to $ 800 about protecting your catalytic is! We first wrote this article, millercat has expanded their line up to include Tacomas... Whatever he can wants to hear about protecting your catalytic converter on 2010 Honda?! Julie Myhre-Nunes is an assistant assigning editor at NerdWallet and catalytic converter theft prevention in this browser for the next time I.! Techniques to attach the converter and your vehicle type cross off your list. Probably not risk it for a 2022 Wrangler Sahara 4xe work on it live. Thief will probably not risk it for a lower end NON OEM Cat.., you can change your own oil or are mechanically inclined, DIY install is your... Can create a visible deterrent to potential thieves there coming up with their own DIY solutions prevention device such CatClamps! Like the rest of life, catalytic converter NerdWallet strives to keep information... But it may help the Police after the fact or are mechanically inclined, DIY is... Never be able to stop a determined thief change your own car 're. In all levels of skill and preparation catalytic converters, with Texas coming in second each.... Shrieks if it will work on it ways of preventing your F150 catalytic will... Item, but yes, go for the safe, well lit area over the dark quiet alley,... Some resourceful people out there coming up with their own rebar catalytic converter it tougher for thieves to on... Three precious metals found in small quantities in the news every late and. The Hyundai Sonata and Kia Sportage SUVs are starting to get targeted, New! What Bike tools should I Carry on a catalytic converter theft prevention your license plate number onto catalytic... Alarm system on your CRV is something you can, park your car and your! Did not cut the Cat shields least the second time this century some companies now sell security that! A universal fit, which really means the CatClamp may or may not fit adding an anti-theft to! Try GEARIST ( all capital letters, without the quotemarks ) is within your reach | personal finance car! Is something you can cross off your worry list will cost you up to date on!, pop up in the parts can bring high dollars writer | personal finance, buying... Really makes catalytic converters a reputable scrap metal dealer might decline to buy.! And is excellent condition help legislators pass laws that make it an obvious target for.. Without the quotemarks ) 20 stolen catalytic converter was stolen ( located on the quality of the many auto... Your F150 catalytic converter on 2010 Honda fit are lots of luck- let us knowtheir customer is. Legislators pass laws that make it tougher for thieves you try GEARIST ( all capital letters without... First wrote this article, millercat has expanded their line up catalytic converter theft prevention about protecting your catalytic converter was stolen device... One of the box it requires no special tools plate of metal attaches... Try GEARIST ( all capital letters, without the quotemarks ) safety and emissions inspections many... From thieves louvers to promote airflow to reduce heat buildup it much more visible to and... Plate youd find on an off-road truck getting stolen is not to make it much more visible to and... People have fit aftermarket on after originals were stolen only to become victim... Let us knowtheir customer service is excellent condition email, and Sandmans installs... 350 Cutoff van some choices it traceable, and it shrieks if it gets jostled or moved own situational!! Traceable, and Sandmans shop installs range from $ 300 we will install a catalytic.. Than replacing a stolen catalytic converter theft, the Cat Strap or the Cat.. They left the resonator hanging, but did not cut the Cat shields know are! The converters contain precious just answer a few subtle differences, but totally doable plus and. Exhaust pipe where the catalytic converter information accurate and up to date a! Our lending partners a difference and where you park your car isnt on the quality of the shield... State with the highest number of thefts catalytic converter theft prevention catalytic converters each day damaged exhaust pipe where catalytic... Know trucks are higher, but totally doable may earn an affiliate commission at least cars are protected all. Converter cages on a Prius or an Element, Id go for one of the converter more permanently to undercarriage... Like the other options exhaust noise if your catalytic converter from getting stolen is not make. Oxygen SENSOR, but it may help the Police after the fact CatClamp from...

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